Airway Collapse Diagnosis and Treatment

儿童气道塌陷的专家诊断和治疗

对于患有气管软化症和支气管软化症的儿童,在呼吸时气道塌陷 Esophageal and Airway Treatment team at Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida, 提供专家诊断和先进的手术治疗,以纠正塌陷和改善他们的呼吸.

气管软化症和支气管软化症常被误诊为哮喘等疾病, recurrent croup or noisy breathing. 父母们经常被告知,他们的孩子长大后就会摆脱这些疾病, which isn’t always the case.

Led by esophageal and airway expert Jason Smithers, M.D., 我们的团队提供了一种创新的方法来治疗这些疾病,从准确的诊断开始.



Jason Smithers, M.D., 约翰霍普金斯儿童医院食道和气道治疗项目主任. Petersburg, FL, explains tracheomalacia.

Our Approach to Tracheomalacia and Bronchomalacia

气管软化症和支气管软化症都是指气道塌陷. This occurs when the child’s airway, or trachea, is abnormally shaped, or too soft and pliable, or both.

气管通常有c形的软骨环,帮助气道在呼气时保持开放. For children with airway collapse, for example, 这些环可能有不同的、更扁平的形状, meaning their trachea is narrower from front to back. 当孩子深呼吸或咳嗽时,这会导致气道塌陷.

气管软化症和支气管软化症是指哪个区域的气道塌陷. In tracheomalacia, the collapse is in the trachea. 在支气管软化症中,塌陷发生在通往左右肺的气道分支.

气道塌陷的其他原因包括血管环, which are malformations of the aorta, the main blood vessel that leads from the heart, 它们还会对胸部的其他结构造成压迫. 气管软化症也可能由胸腺肿大引起(胸腺位于心脏和主动脉前方).

Many children with esophageal atresia, 哪个是指食道部分缺失的情况, causing it to form in two segments that don’t connect, also have airway collapse. The malformation of the esophagus and presence of a tracheoesophageal fistula (食道和气管之间的异常连接)使他们更容易发生气管软化引起的气道塌陷.

气道塌陷可能是先天性的(即出生时存在)或后天获得的. 获得性气道塌陷的原因包括过去治疗食道闭锁或其他情况的并发症, heart conditions like vascular rings, 其他内部结构或肿块对气管施加压力,使其变窄, 气管造瘘管复发性感染或并发症.

Some of the symptoms of airway collapse may include:

  • Barky or croup-like cough
  • Noisy breathing
  • Shortness of breath, especially with physical exertion
  • Difficulty recovering from respiratory illnesses
  • More frequent respiratory illnesses

How We Diagnose Tracheomalacia and Bronchomalacia

Airway collapse can be difficult to diagnose. 尤其重要的是,在诊断和治疗这些疾病方面具有专业知识的专家对患者进行检查,以确保正确诊断儿童气道塌陷的严重程度. At Johns Hopkins All Children’s, 我们的专家团队拥有这些复杂疾病的专业知识,可以准确诊断您的孩子,使他们能够接受所需的治疗. 准确诊断需要动态刚性支气管镜检查, 其中一个相机被引导到气道来检查和诊断推荐十大正规网赌平台的状况.

How We Treat Tracheomalacia and Bronchomalacia

Airway collapse may sometimes improve on its own. It may also stay the same or worsen. 准确的诊断来确定孩子病情的严重程度对于确定何时进行手术修复是很重要的.

When surgical repair is appropriate, 支气管软化症和气管软化症的治疗方法都是将缝合线放在气道的外部(前面或后面), depending on the area of collapse). 缝合线保持气道畅通,这样随着孩子的成长,气道可以继续发育.

如果你的孩子的情况是由血管环引起的,手术修复也可能是合适的. 传统上,血管环的治疗是通过心脏手术来移动阻塞气道的血管, but without also repairing the airway. For these children, we also surgically repair their airway, 与医院的心脏外科团队密切合作,协调他们的治疗和护理.

Follow-up Care

儿童通常在5到7天内从手术中恢复. After three to four months, 我们将评估他们是否仍有任何其他症状,以及是否需要额外的手术. For example, 可能需要在气道上放置夹板或支架等干预措施来进一步打开气道. 我们的团队拥有专业知识,为您的孩子提供最能满足他们独特需求的干预措施.

After surgery, children are typically seen annually, often remotely, 检查他们是否出现了新的症状.

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有关我们的项目如何帮助您的孩子的更多信息或预约, 请拨打下面的电话与项目的护士协调员交谈. 我们为整个坦帕湾地区、整个佛罗里达州以及其他地区的家庭提供服务.

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Read an inspiring Story

  • Saylor's Story

    她在31周时早产,被诊断出患有一种罕见的疾病,这种疾病会影响婴儿的饮食和呼吸, 在约翰霍普金斯儿童医院食道和气道治疗小组的照顾下,塞勒现在正在康复中.

    Dr. Jason Smithers holding baby Saylor
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